My
eleven days of Saudi torture
William
Sampson, with Francine Dubé
National Post
In
the second of a five-part series, William Sampson tells of the foreboding
that preceded his arrest and the abuses that followed it.
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LONDON
- On the morning of Dec. 17, 2000, before leaving home for my office
in Riyadh, I switched on Sky News and learned that a Briton had been
injured in a bombing in Damman, on the east coast of Saudi Arabia, about
500 kilometres away. It was the third bombing attack against Westerners
in Saudi Arabia since Nov. 17, when British engineer Christopher Rodway
was killed by a car bomb and his wife injured.
I
rushed out the front gate in my usual haste, as I was late, only to
find that my Nissan 4x4 had a flat tire. Somewhat miffed, I walked off
to catch a cab at the main road. A grey four-door sedan pulled up beside
me. Three plainclothes Saudi secret police piled out, one of them waving
a gun in his right hand and what I assumed was a warrant in the left.
The two other officers grabbed me, ripped my briefcase out of my hands
and emptied my pockets. They punched me in the stomach, crotch and back
of the head.
They
handcuffed me and bundled me into the back of the car.
"I
am not resisting. Why are you doing this? Why are you hitting me?"
I said. They screamed at me to shut up. I realized that having arrested
my friend Raf Schevyns in connection with one of the car bombings, the
secret police were now casting their net much wider to implicate his
friends. "Oh shit, they're going to try to frame us," I thought.
We
drove off in the sedan, stopping a short distance later to pick up another
secret police officer. Two of them sat in the back seat and held my
legs apart while an officer in the front reached around and hit my crotch
area 10 to 15 times over the course of the drive with a heavy metal
object, which I took to be the gun. They asked me in English if I spoke
Arabic. I said no.
We
drove on in silence for about half an hour, before the car stopped at
what sounded like a large mechanical gate. I heard it close behind us.
Still blindfolded and handcuffed, I was dragged out of the car by my
tie and led into a building like a dog on a leash.
Inside
the building, the blindfold was removed and I was led into a windowless
prison cell with the number 24 chalked above it in Arabic numerals.
It was 2x3 metres, with a dirty cotton mattress on the floor, a closed-circuit
camera mounted in the upper left-hand corner and an air conditioner
in the wall.
I
was handcuffed to a grill in the door in order to stop me from sitting
or relaxing; sleep would be impossible. It would be dishonest of me
to say that I was not terrified. I felt that at any moment I would lose
control of my bowels and bladder. My crotch was sore, but not intolerably
so. I also knew that I had to take note of my surroundings and everything
that happened to me, both as a way to occupy my thoughts and time, and
to provide information that might be useful later if I had to debrief
consular authorities about my treatment or the location of the prison.
I
was left there for about an hour before I was brought upstairs to an
interrogation room, where the torture began. Six days later, wracked
by unbearable pain, I would confess to two car bombings and to being
a British spy. I would later learn that my sentence for these crimes
was death by al-hadd -- I was to be affixed to a wooden X and sliced
through the neck with a sword, leaving my head attached.
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- -
From
the day I arrived in Saudi Arabia in 1998 to begin my employment as
a marketing consultant for the Saudi Industrial Development Fund in
Riyadh, I realized that all was not as it appeared. There was a smooth,
shiny surface to life in the kingdom, under which I could sense increasing
turbulence, dissatisfaction and dissent. My Saudi colleagues were warm
and welcoming, as I had come to expect of Arabic hospitality.
On
the other hand, three days after arriving in the capital, while walking
through a district not frequented by Westerners, I was spat upon.
This
dichotomy of reactions was repeated frequently. Situations of turbulence
and potential danger do not worry me as they should. I was aware that
tensions were gradually building, but I felt capable of dealing with
the situation as it arose.
So
whilst the first explosion that killed Christopher Rodway on Nov. 17,
2000, horrified me, the fact that it happened was not a complete surprise.
Still, I became more cautious. I began to pay more attention to my vehicle
and where I parked it, choosing well-lit places where there were lots
of people. Upon returning to it, I would examine the undercarriage and
look under the hood before climbing in. I would check the wheel wells
and examine the door frame for scratches that would indicate someone
had broken in.
On
the morning of Nov. 23, six days after Christopher Rodway was killed,
my friend Sandy Mitchell, chief anesthetic technician for the Security
Forces Hospital for the Ministry of Interior, came to my house and woke
me with the news that our friend Raf had almost been injured in a car
bombing the night before. The information brought me to full consciousness
at the speed of light. Sandy and I went at once to find Raf and see
how he was.
Raf
was shaken up, as one would expect. He had left a party at the Celtic
Corner, a bar run by Western expatriates on the al-Fallah housing compound
in a convoy of three vehicles, sometime after 11 p.m., to attend another
party. A few minutes into the drive, a bomb exploded under the right
front side of the lead vehicle, a GMC 4x4.
Everyone
pulled over. Raf, being a trauma co-ordinator, immediately contacted
emergency services and then began to render assistance, providing first
aid.
Emergency
service and police arrived. The injured were removed to hospital. The
police then interviewed those at the scene, including members of the
convoy. Raf, shocked by the experience, returned to his house on the
Saudi Arabian National Guard Hospital compound.
The
secret police made a point of interviewing everyone who had been travelling
in the convoy, including those injured. Raf was the last to be questioned,
around Dec. 8. He was rattled by his interview with police. He told
me they had accused him of being the bomber.
Being
innocent, he didn't believe anything would come of the accusation.
Alarm
bells began going off for me. It was like the feeling you get at the
start of an examination or a race. I felt an immediate increase in tension.
I sensed that the investigating officers hadn't worked out a scenario
yet, but they were trying to patch one together. If my worst fears were
realized, I knew they would be casting their net wider, to implicate
Raf's friends in whatever plot they were constructing. I knew I would
be among them.
Two
days later, Raf was arrested by the secret police. I immediately contacted
the Belgian embassy and spent the next week in communication with them,
attempting to locate my friend. He just disappeared off the face of
the Earth. I was unable to locate which jail he was in. I knew this
was ominous. Obviously, the secret police were holding him at one of
their hidden centres.
I
could have left then. I could have left Saudi Arabia. With my vehicle
and the money in my bank account, I had the resources necessary to get
to Dubai. Once there, I would have found my way out on a freighter bound
for Shangai for all I would have cared.
However
I could never abandon my friends. I knew that to do so would have been
used as evidence against them.
I
was arrested seven days after Raf.
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- -
About
an hour after I was abducted from my home on Dec. 17, 2000, and brought
to the jail, the process of brutalization began.
The
torture took place in offices upstairs from my cell. I nicknamed my
torturers -- Mr. Acne had a pock-marked face and burning eyes. The Midget
had a look of smug stupidity that reminded me of Dopey the dwarf. The
Greaser had a pencil-thin moustache.
At
the first interrogation on the day of my arrest, Mr. Acne, the only
English speaker of the three, acting both as an interrogator and translator,
told me they knew who I was, what I had done, that I was guilty of setting
off the three car bombs and that I would tell them everything they wanted.
They
bounced me around the room as if playing a violent game of pass-the-parcel.
I was pushed to the floor and repeatedly kicked in the backside, crotch
and stomach. My head was held up and I was slapped on the back of the
head and face, around the ears.
They
took inordinate care not to hit me in the front of the face.
They
threatened me with the use of electric shocks. I was told they would
continue to apply this pressure until "We have put you in the right
way," and "we get your mind right."
There
was a desk and chairs in the room. From time to time they would sit
me down, the Greaser beside me, aggressively caressing and fondling
me, a means of sexual intimidation he was to use often.
My
mind was blank, except for fear.
They
asked me where I was and what I was doing on Nov. 17, Nov. 22, and Dec.
15, the dates the bombings took place. I told them I didn't know what
they were talking about, that I was innocent. I provided them with extensive
alibis.
I
was subjected to another round of beatings. The truth was not what they
wanted. When they realized my alibi was too tight for the third day
-- I had been in too many public places and had too many appointments
-- they dropped the demand that I confess to the bombing of Dec. 15.
I
don't have a clue how long that first interrogation lasted, but it continued
after prayer in the evening, so it went on for many hours.
Thus
began the cycle that I was to endure for 11 days. Every evening I would
be taken from my cell to the interrogation offices, where I would be
tortured. Near dawn I would be returned to my cell, where I was handcuffed,
standing to the door, unable to sleep. Occasionally I would pass out
standing up from exhaustion and pain, only to be revived by the near-dislocation
of my shoulder as I slipped toward the concrete floor.
With
no writing materials available to me, I devised a rudimentary means
of keeping track of what was happening. Chicken and rice was a staple
of my prison diet from which I extracted grains of rice, using them
as an aide-mémoire. A normal grain of rice represented the numbers
of days. Stained rice indicated the days I had been tortured. A grain
of rice that had been bitten signified a night of sleep deprivation.
I was allowed to sit on my mattress during meals. I slipped the grains
of rice into the seams.
Sometime
on the morning of the third day, I was taken to a doctor for examination.
I was exhausted, I had had not slept at all, I was bruised and one of
my teeth was already broken. He signed me fit for further interrogation.
I have often wondered how that conforms to the Hippocratic oath.
That
night, I was blindfolded, handcuffed and shackled and driven by van
to my house to witness the police search of the premises. It was full
of uniformed police officers and two members of the Muttawa, the religious
police. Finding a beer stein, one of the officers punched me in the
face with it, accusing me of immorality. I replied that the beer stein
was purchased at the Home Center in Riyadh. They found a bottle of alcohol
that must have been planted as I never kept alcohol in my home. Possession
and consumption of alcohol is illegal in Saudi Arabia, although the
authorities normally choose to turn a blind eye to the practice.
The
officers told me they had found drugs, though they produced no evidence
to support that claim.
There
was none to find. I had never done drugs in Saudi Arabia nor allowed
anyone to use them in my home. Drug possession carries the death penalty
in Saudi Arabia. They claimed a compass and a monocular were evidence
I was a spy. I giggled, I really did. Terrifying as this was, things
had become surreal and absurd.
They
confiscated my computer and personal financial documents. They collected
an axe handle, which they would later use to beat me and my friends
who had also been arrested.
I
was then pushed into the back of the van and driven back to the interrogation
centre, where just before dawn, a new form of torture was introduced.
I was made to sit on the floor, draw my knees to my chest and place
my handcuffed arms over my legs. A metal bar was inserted between the
back of my knees and my forearms. The bar was picked up and placed across
two chairs. My body rotated into an upside down position known as "the
chicken." The Midget began falaka, beating the soles of my feet
with the pick-axe handle they had confiscated from my home. They beat
my buttocks with it, and occasionally, the back of my crotch. He was
amazingly accurate, cycling the attacks from my feet to my buttocks,
able to land blows side-by-side without ever hitting the same place
twice in a row.
By
the fourth day my feet and ankles were so swollen from standing night
and day and being beaten that I was unable to wear my shoes. The prison
doctor applied an anti-inflammatory cream and I was later returned to
the interrogation room. Having once again outlined their preposterous
scenario, Mr. Acne, the English speaker, stated that even if I wasn't
convicted for the bombings, they would convict me for being a homosexual,
since, as I was unmarried, I must be homosexual. The practice of homosexuality
in Saudi Arabia is punishable by death. They told me I would never leave
the place until I had confessed to the bombings. They said there were
things they could do to me which I could not imagine. I have a good
imagination, but that failed me for the horror I was about to experience.
They
began to make threats against my friends and family. They threatened
to imprison Noy, Sandy's wife, and subject her to physical abuse. Implicit
was the threat of rape. They threatened to lure my father to the kingdom
and treat him as they were treating me.
It
is hard to say how much time was passing, because when you're being
beaten and in pain, time dilates in a way you wouldn't believe. Every
second is an hour. Every hour is a week. A day is an eternity.
When
my feet were beaten, I thought my head would explode. It was a pain
I thought could get no worse. When they hit my crotch I knew I was wrong.
I felt a wave of pressure explode through my body. I could feel the
blood surging through my ears and eyes as if desperately seeking for
a way out. My whole body became a knot of pain. The ferocity of the
beatings caused the muscles in my back, stomach, neck, arms and shoulders
to cramp, increasing the pain.
I
screamed so loud I thought my vocal chords would rupture. They told
me to shut up. My face was awash with tears. I tried to control myself,
but what was being done to me placed my body beyond control.
During
the brief respites from the beatings, I could hear the screams of others,
including the screams of women. Even when in my cell, away from the
interrogation rooms, I could hear their screams, such was the ferocity
that was unleashed on captives in the prison.
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- -
On
the sixth day I begged to confess. I was hanging upside down, being
beaten with a stick. I was broken. The pain was too much. I pleaded
to confess. I pleaded for permission to tell them whatever it was they
wanted.
I
was temporarily released from my agony. My torturers became conciliatory
and friendly, though their facade was as transparent as glass.
I
was sat down, and given tea and cigarettes and began to write out my
confession in the little exercise books they provided, according to
the script Mr. Acne, the English-speaker, had been chanting at me for
six days. I wrote that Sandy Mitchell and I were responsible for the
bombing that killed Chris Rodway and that Sandy Mitchell, Raf and I
were responsible for the second bombing. I would have written anything
they wanted.
The
beatings stopped at this point, but the sleep deprivation continued.
Having
obtained for themselves a confession outlining the method of the crime,
they began to torture me again on the eighth day.
They
demanded that I admit to being a British spy. There was no need to torture
me more. By then I was broken and would have told them anything. I do
not know if this ongoing physical abuse was standard procedure or if
they were simply enjoying themselves. The Midget took deranged delight
in his work. Sometimes they all laughed as they beat me. It was the
only time I knew they weren't acting.
By
the ninth day, my feet were completely swollen. Standing for hours on
end set my whole body on fire. Blood and plasma were seeping through
the skin of my buttocks, where they had beaten me. I was purple and
black from the middle of my back to the back of my knees. During the
torture I begged again to confess to whatever they wanted. They sat
me down with another exercise book and I wrote out another confession,
this time to being a British spy, acting on government orders to embarrass
the Saudi regime. The explanation they were giving the rest of the world
-- that we were involved in a bootleggers' turf war over alcohol --
was never mentioned.
Despite
my confessions, the cycle of torture and sleep deprivation continued
for another day. Finally, we came to what I thought was the end of the
physical abuse. I was transferred from the interrogation centre to al-Heil
prison, about 60 kilometres from Riyadh. There, I was fingerprinted,
photographed, given prison clothes and led to a 2x3- metre cell, provided
with a mattress, blanket, pillow, and allowed to sleep for the first
time in 11 days.
I
was too exhausted and in too much physical agony to be able to think
of anything. Certainly I had no thought of the future, for which I am
thankful. My ordeal had not ended, it had only just begun.
Part two of a five-part series.; Tomorrow: A transfer to al-Heil prison,
a ''farcical'' first meeting with Canadian embassy authorities and a
heart attack.
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