"The media and 'the massacre'"

"Western media coverage of Jenin, especially in Western European newspapers, stood out for its wild and remarkably uniform hysteria. ... And as these reports ran, they were quickly followed by attacks - largely, it appears, from young immigrant Muslim gangs - on easily identifiable Orthodox Jews in both Britain and France." (Martin Sieff)

News and commentary on the conflicting reports on what happened during the battle of Jenin.

Part 1: 2002/04/03 - 2002/04/30
Part 2: 2002/05/01 -

November 2003
"Seven Lies About Jenin" (David Zangen, Ma'ariv/FrontPageMagazine, 2003/11/14)

July 2003
"Palestinians confirm no massacre in Jenin - study" (Joel Leyden, The Jerusalem Post, 2003/07/14)

August 2002
"UN Report on Jenin" (HonestReporting, 2002/08/09)
"UN report on Jenin refugee camp does not support Palestinian claims of a massacre, diplomats say" (AP/The Jerusalem Post, 2002/08/01)

July 2002
"Back to Jenin" (Ze'ev Schiff, Haaretz, 2002/07/17)

June 2002
"Jenin: The Israeli reservist's view" (Lou Marano, UPI, 2002/06/05)

May 2002
"How Europe's media lost out" (Martin Sieff, UPI, 2002/05/22)
"Analysis: Why Europeans bought Jenin myth" (Martin Sieff, UPI, 2002/05/21)
"Part One: Documenting the Myth" (Martin Sieff, UPI, 2002/05/20)
"Jeningrad - What the British media said" (Tom Gross, National Review, 2002/05/13)
"How Jenin battle became a 'massacre'" (Sharon Sadeh, The Guardian, 2002/05/08)
"The Battle of Jenin" (Matt Rees, TIME, 2002/05/06)
"The Independent's 'reporting'" (Andrew Sullivan, andrewsullivan.com, 2002/05/06)
"Israel Has Nothing to Hide" (Yuval Steinitz, The New York Times, 2002/05/04)
"U.N., rights group don't find massacre" (Betsy Pisik, The Washington Times, 2002/05/04)
"Jenin: The Truth" (Charles Krauthammer, The Washington Post, 2002/05/03)
"How the Times Distorted Jenin" (Daniel Gordon, The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles, 2002/05/03)
"Burying the truth" (Mathhew Gutman, The Jerusalem Post, 2002/05/02)
"Jenin 'massacre' reduced to death toll of 56" (Paul Martin, The Washington Times, 2002/05/01)


"Seven Lies About Jenin" (David Zangen, Ma'ariv/FrontPageMagazine, 2003/11/14)
Seven lies and an avalanche of hate. Zangen on the Jerusalem premiere of Muhammad Bakri's infamous "Jenin, Jenin":
"At the end of the screening, the hundreds of viewers awarded Bakri and the editor of the film with thunderous applause. Bakri turned to the audience and asked if there were any questions. I introduced myself, ascended the stage and began to systematically list all the lies and inaccuracies in the film.
At first, there was a rustle in the crowd, and then boos and I was called a "murderer", "war criminal" and the like. Before I had even finished my second point, a man from the audience aggressively ascended the stage and tried to grab the microphone from my hand. I decided not to be dragged into violence. I let him take the microphone and walked off the stage. I was surprised that only a few spectators rose to the defense of freedom of speech and freedom of expression. I was amazed that the audience was not willing to hear the facts from someone who had physically been there.
It was painful for me as a man, a father and a doctor to hear calls of "murderer" from my own people. I said that I hadn't murdered anyone, but the calls intensified. A powerful hatred was directed towards me. I had an unpleasant feeling that I haven't been able to shake."

"Palestinians confirm no massacre in Jenin - study" (Joel Leyden, The Jerusalem Post, 2003/07/14)
"Palestinian sources are now saying that their death toll in the 2002 IDF incursion into Jenin, was 52, at least 34 of whom were armed, contradicting earlier Palestinian claims that thousands had died, a study to be released next month says.
The study indicates for the first time that Palestinian terror organizations saw themselves as "armed combatants" and not as civilians who died in a deadly massacre. The study's significance is that it uses Palestinian sources to rebut the original Palestinian claims. ...
The study rebuts claims at the time by Palestinian Authorities that IDF forces were attacking civilians, and that the only Palestinians who died in the battle were unarmed Palestinian men, women and children.
Among other details, the study also reveals that Fatah, Hamas and Islamic Jihad established a joint military operations room in preparation for the battle. In addition the research indicates the three groups had created a joint bomb-making facility in Jenin that produced more than two tons of explosives.
The JCPA paper states civilians were intentionally used as human shields, and that both women and children were deployed by the three groups to divert IDF troops into ambushes and booby-trapped areas."

"UN Report on Jenin" (HonestReporting, 2002/08/09)
A survey of how news agencies are retrospecting on their claims of a "massacre" in Jenin in the light of the UN report which dismissed those claims:
"To his credit, Phil Reeves of The Independent comes clean in a report entitled: "Even journalists have to admit they're wrong sometimes." Reeves admits that his report "was highly personalized" and writes: "It was clear that the debate over the awful events in Jenin four months ago is still dominated by whether there was a massacre, even though it has long been obvious that one did not occur." ... Peter Cave of Australia's ABC still insists there was a massacre in Jenin. Here's some snippets from a transcript: 'I personally saw 30 Palestinian corpses at the hospital on April the 20th, and with dozens of other foreign reporters, watched them being buried at a mass grave just up the road from the hospital... Just as in Tiananmen Square, the power of the gun and the tank ensured there was no proper body count or accounting. Just as happened in Tiananmen Square, the uninformed and those with their own agenda, are now claiming there was no massacre. There was a massacre, a considerable number of human beings were indiscriminately and unnecessarily slaughtered...'" (See also: "Even journalists have to admit they're wrong sometimes" (Phil Reeves, The Independent, 2002/08/03) and "UN report on Jenin massacre flawed" (ABC News Online, 2002/08/04))

"UN report on Jenin refugee camp does not support Palestinian claims of a massacre, diplomats say" (AP/The Jerusalem Post, 2002/08/01)
"A UN report on Israel's military attack on a Palestinian refugee camp does not back up claims of a massacre, but it does criticize both sides for putting civilians in harm's way, Western diplomats said. The report accuses Israel of delaying aid and medical help to Palestinians in the Jenin refugee camp. And it charges Palestinian militants with deliberately putting its fighters and equipment in civilian areas in violation of international law, the diplomats said Wednesday. ... But it said that in Jenin, 52 Palestinian deaths had been confirmed by April 18, and that up to half may have been civilians. It called the Palestinian allegation that some 500 were killed "a figure that has not been substantiated in the light of evidence that has emerged," the diplomats said." (See also: "Report of the Secretary-General on Jenin" (Unitied Nations, 2002/08/01))

"Back to Jenin" (Ze'ev Schiff, Haaretz, 2002/07/17)
"What was the spark that set off the rumors about a massacre in Jenin's refugee camp? ... Toward the end of the fighting, the army sent three large refrigerator trucks into the city. Reservists decided to sleep in them for their air conditioning. Some Palestinians saw dozens of covered bodies lying in the trucks and rumors spread the Jews had filled trucks full of Palestinian bodies. Some Palestinians went to the Civil Administration to ask. When it turned out the rumors of executions were baseless, the myth of the Jenin massacre evaporated on its own. But Palestinian Minister Saeb Erekat continued lying, though he lowered the number of dead from three thousand to five hundred."

"Jenin: The Israeli reservist's view" (Lou Marano, UPI, 2002/06/05)
"The Jenin operation met with a firestorm of media criticism, especially in Europe. [Jonathan] Alster dismissed the suggestion that Israel could have forestalled this by accommodating the press from the outset. "Why didn't we let the media in earlier? Why didn't we show that we had nothing to hide? It is so ridiculous!" he said. "We did not receive supplies inside the camp for two to three days because it was too dangerous for our tanks and armored personnel carriers to move in it. "At a certain point, they stopped bringing us water in jerry cans. They moved to bottled water because it became too dangerous to carry the jerry cans the 5 yards from the personnel carrier to our door. They threw us the box with food into the house. The crossfire was too intense. 'It was a madhouse! Who would have dealt with 10 reporters being killed the first day?'" (See also: "Jenin: The human rights activist's view" (Jennifer Loewenstein, UPI, 2002/06/05), in which Loewenstein, as Best of the Web Today points out, probably is "the first activist ever to stand up for the rights of home entertainment devices": "Walking was unsafe in Jenin, whether you were outside picking your way through blasted blocks of cement and wire, or inside trying to step over destroyed furniture, scattered and torn clothing, or broken household items. A television set had been shot. The speakers of a stereo had bullets in them. Were these appliances also considered terrorists, I wondered.")

"How Europe's media lost out" (Martin Sieff, UPI, 2002/05/22)
Part three of UPI's analysis of media coverage of the battle of Jenin: "A.N. Wilson's willingness in the London Evening Standard to accuse the Israelis, without any credible evidence, of poisoning Palestinian water supplies showed the way columnists could break every restraint of decency and common sense. Wilson's article would have been at home in the pages of the Nazi propaganda sheet "Der Sturmer." ... ...Western media coverage of Jenin, especially in Western European newspapers, stood out for its wild and remarkably uniform hysteria. An overwhelming number of reports were published or broadcast in outlets, more especially of the left but also of the right, appearing to document in great detail the massacre of hundreds, possibly thousands of Palestinians at the hands of the Israeli Army. ... But the small scale in casualties in Jenin, ultimately confirmed by the PA itself, underlined the remarkable loss in perspective across the European media in both reporting what was happening and then analyzing it. The initial decision of the Israelis to keep the media out of Jenin while the fighting raged does not account for this. The most hysterical and inaccurate accounts and the wildest, unsubstantiated claims came not while the international media was barred from Jenin but after it was allowed in. ... Yet media reports teemed in those countries with - as it turned out - highly exaggerated or just plain wrong descriptions of the violence allegedly inflicted by the Israelis on the Palestinians in Jenin. And as these reports ran, they were quickly followed by attacks - largely, it appears, from young immigrant Muslim gangs - on easily identifiable Orthodox Jews in both Britain and France." (See also: "Analysis: Why Europeans bought Jenin myth" (Martin Sieff, UPI, 2002/05/21) and "Part One: Documenting the Myth" (Martin Sieff, UPI, 2002/05/20))

"Analysis: Why Europeans bought Jenin myth" (Martin Sieff, UPI, 2002/05/21)
Part two of UPI's analysis of media coverage of the battle of Jenin: "Most of the major press and broadcasting outlets in Western Europe uncritically gobbled up the Jenin Massacre Myth with self-indulgent abandon. ... The reaction of the Western European media differed profoundly in its nature from that of U.S. newspapers and broadcasting news outlets. The allegations were equally widely reported in the United States. However, the U.S. broadcast media proved far more resistant to anti-Israeli and even anti-Semitic hysteria than that in Western European. This appears to have been the case precisely because no single state-funded or state-approved corporation dominated broadcast news in the United States, as is the case in Britain and France. In those and other smaller countries, a well-entrenched left-wing media elite has been hostile to Israel and its policies for decades. And they have long enjoyed a cozy, unchallenged bureaucratic dominance in the state broadcasting news organizations that to a large degree set the braking news and analysis for the entire print press. Therefore, entire echelons of editors and executives in these organizations were willing to accept uncritically the fierce unsubstantiated and hysterical reports coming out of their correspondents in Jenin. ... The reasons for the European media's "rush to judgment" over Jenin were many, but one conclusion was inescapable: The "rush to judgment" was an 'hour of shame.'" (See also: "Part One: Documenting the Myth" (Martin Sieff, UPI, 2002/05/20))

"Part One: Documenting the Myth" (Martin Sieff, UPI, 2002/05/20)
UPI traces the course of the "media myth" of the "Jenin massacre": "The U.S. and Western European media coverage of the Battle of Jenin last month raises troubling and far-reaching questions about the reliability of the modern mass media and press in conflict situations. ... After the Israeli Army attacked the West Bank Palestinian city of Jenin on April 2, the Western European media fell for the "Massacre Myth" in Jenin in a big way. ... What made these unreliable and misleading reports all the more remarkable was that many of the worst of them emerged in the most respected and influential organizations in the British media. The British Broadcasting Corporation and three of the four so-called "quality" daily newspapers - The Times, The Independent and The Guardian - fell for the "Massacre Myth" hook, line and sinker. ... Phil Reeves in the London Independent compared Jenin to the Killing Fields of Pol Pot's Cambodia where between 1 million to 3 million people were slaughtered from 1975 to 1978. ... Other claims, such as the one that hundreds of Palestinian victims were buried by an Israeli bulldozer in mass grave, later proved to have no validity or verification whatsoever. ... The BBC uncritically swallowed the Massacre Myth. BBC News headlined a report on April 18 as "Jenin 'Massacre' Evidence Growing," and the Guardian newspaper's headline on a May 6 analysis piece as 'How Jenin Battle Became a Massacre.'"

"Jeningrad - What the British media said" (Tom Gross, National Review, 2002/05/13)
"The British media was particularly emotive in its reporting. They devoted page upon page, day after day, to tales of mass murders, common graves, summary executions, and war crimes. Israel was invariably compared to the Nazis, to al Qaeda, and to the Taliban. One report even compared the thousands of supposedly missing Palestinians to the "disappeared" of Argentina. ... On April 17, the Guardian's lead editorial compared the Israeli incursion in Jenin with the attack on the World Trade Center on September 11. "Jenin," wrote the Guardian was "every bit as repellent in its particulars, no less distressing, and every bit as man-made." ... Whereas the Guardian's editorial writers compared the Jewish state to al Qaeda, Evening Standard commentators merely compared the Israeli government to the Taliban. ... Other commentators threw in the Holocaust, turning it against Israel. Yasmin Alibhai-Brown, a leading columnist for the Independent wrote (April 15): 'I would suggest that Ariel Sharon should be tried for crimes against humanity … and be damned for so debasing the profoundly important legacy of the Holocaust, which was meant to stop forever nations turning themselves into ethnic killing machines.'"

"How Jenin battle became a 'massacre'" (Sharon Sadeh, The Guardian, 2002/05/08)
"But while the British papers, almost unanimously, presented it from the outset as a "massacre" or at least as an intentional "war crime" of the worst kind, the US and Israeli papers - Haaretz included - were far more reserved and cautious, saying that there was no evidence to back such claims. The left-liberal press in Britain thought differently. The Independent, the Guardian and the Times, in particular, were quick to denounce Israel and made sensational accusations based on thin evidence, fitting a widely held stereotype of a defiant, brutal and don't-give-a-damn Israel. ... In British broadsheets, the style of reporting is such that the distinction between commentary and news reporting is blurred. More often than not, this comes at the expense of accuracy, depth and perspective. Israel - which perceives the liberal European press as manifestly hostile and systematically biased - is entitled to be concerned about the effects of this approach, but it should also worry the UK audience. ... Selective use of details or information and occasional reliance on unsubstantiated accounts inflict considerable damage on the reputation of the entire British press, and more importantly, do a disservice to its readers."

"The Battle of Jenin" (Matt Rees, TIME, 2002/05/06)
"The Palestinian fighters had made their own preparations. Booby traps had been laid in the streets of both the camp and the town, ready to be triggered if an Israeli foot or vehicle snagged a tripwire. Some of the bombs were huge - as much as 250 lbs. of explosives, compared with the 25 lbs. a typical suicide bomber uses. On Day 2 of the battle, when the town had been secured but the fight in the camp was just beginning, a huge Caterpillar D-9 bulldozer rolled along a three-quarter-mile stretch of the main street to clear booby traps. An Israeli engineering-corps officer logged 124 separate explosions set off by the vehicle. ... A senior Palestinian military officer tells Time it was probably the gunmen's own booby traps that buried some civilians and fighters alive. There were bombs that were certainly big enough to wreck a cinder-block refugee house more devastatingly than a D-9 ever could."

"The Independent's 'reporting'" (Andrew Sullivan, andrewsullivan.com, 2002/05/06)
"Phil Reeves, a Fisk wannabe, sent home this despatch upon arriving in Jenin: "A monstrous war crime that Israel has tried to cover up for a fortnight has finally been exposed. ...The sweet and ghastly reek of rotting human bodies is everywhere, evidence that it is a human tomb. The people, who spent days hiding in basements crowded into single rooms as the rockets pounded in, say there are hundreds of corpses, entombed beneath the dust... ... This was a mass grave, [Kamal Anis] said, pointing... A few days ago, we might not have believed Kamal Anis. But the descriptions given by the many other refugees who escaped from Jenin camp were understated, not, as many feared and Israel encouraged us to believe, exaggerations. Their stories had not prepared me for what I saw yesterday. I believe them now." What a difference a week or so makes. In a subsequent piece in which Reeves details the lamentable attempt by the Israelis to defend their actions in Jenin, he bemoans the fact that the Israelis' p.r. "efforts have been greatly helped by the Palestinian leadership, who instantly, and without proof, declared that a massacre had occurred in which as many as 500 died. Palestinian human-rights groups made matters worse by churning out wild, and clearly untrue, stories." And the Independent made matters even still worse by uncritically reprinting such stories as news." (See also: "Amid the ruins of Jenin, the grisly evidence of a war crime" (Phil Reeves, Independent, 2002/04/16) and "Once upon a time in Jenin" (Phil Reeves, Independent, 2002/04/25))

"Israel Has Nothing to Hide" (Yuval Steinitz, The New York Times, 2002/05/04)
"Yet the United Nations committee was asked to examine the Israeli Defense Force's actions in Jenin and the suffering of Jenin's inhabitants without reference to the earlier terrorism coming out of the Jenin camp that had triggered the Israeli action. In short, the committee would evaluate Israel's war on terrorism without any reference to terrorism. Imagine a team sent to investigate American military action in Afghanistan without reference to the attacks of Sept. 11 or Osama bin Laden's boasts that he would destroy America. ... Stripped of that context, the United States would inevitably be found guilty of having assaulted one of the poorest and most backward countries on the face of the earth and of inflicting unnecessary harm on the civilian population. ... But this kind of distorted result is exactly what the United Nations' noncontextual fact-hiding strategy would have arrived at."

"U.N., rights group don't find massacre" (Betsy Pisik, The Washington Times, 2002/05/04)
"Human Rights Watch, and the U.N. Relief and Works Agency, which has cared for Palestinian refugees for 54 years, said their research does not point to a massacre of civilians in the West Bank refugee camp. But the New York-based human rights group said it found that war crimes might have been committed during the battle. ... International efforts to determine what happened in Jenin won't make any difference to Abu Ali, who has spent his entire life in the refugee camp. "I know that 500 people died here, and [soldiers] took the bodies away before they left," he said while sitting in a tent in the center of a field of rubble that used to be home to 4,000 Palestinians. He said no report would change his mind, as the half-dozen men lounging around him nodded yesterday. ... Jenin's anger and misery have been broadcast around the world, fanning hatred of Israel and support for the Palestinian Authority. But reports that a massacre did not occur have received scant attention in the Western news media."

"Jenin: The Truth" (Charles Krauthammer, The Washington Post, 2002/05/03)
"The "Jenin massacre" is more than a fiction. It is a hoax. ... And yet for weeks the world has been seized with the question of the "Jenin massacre." The U.N. Security Council called emergency meetings. The secretary general appointed a special investigating committee (now disbanded). The European press published the most lurid allegations. To say nothing, of course, of al-Jazeera TV. All this for a phantom massacre. Yet this same Middle East conflict yields no shortage of real massacres: April 27: Adora, Palestinian gunmen enter residential quarters shooting everyone, including a 5-year-old girl shot through the head in her bed. April 12: Jerusalem, suicide bombing at a bus stop, 6 murdered. ... These are massacres - actual, recent massacres. ... Where was the Security Council? Where was the Kofi Annan commission? ... The fact that such an undertaking is unimaginable is what has made the past several months so deeply, despairingly troubling. The despair comes from the bewilderment of living in a world of monstrous moral inversion. ... For the "international community," as embodied by the United Nations, such inverted moral logic is the norm. ... Where is the Churchill of today, the official of any government, prepared to tell the United Nations that its frantic hunt for a phantom massacre by Jews - while ignoring massacre after massacre of Jews - is grotesque and perverse?"

"How the Times Distorted Jenin" (Daniel Gordon, The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles, 2002/05/03)
Gordon on the agendas of Sheila MacVicar of CNN and Tom Miller of the Los Angeles Times when reporting from Jenin: "One reservist sensed MacVicar's hostility. He was a soft-spoken man who approached her and introduced himself as the reserve unit's medical officer, Dr. David Zangen. He told her that when the fighting was over, they found photograph albums of children from roughly 6 years of age up through early and mid-teens. It was an album of photos of children who would be the next crop of suicide killers, with notations indicating when each of the children would be ripe. The reporter had no time for the doctor, however. "Perhaps you should ask yourself why," she said, dismissing him. "I do, madam," he said, "I ask myself why. I can't imagine it. I can’t imagine sending one's child out to be a mass murderer who commits suicide to kill women and children." "Well, I can explain it," said the reporter. "For me it all comes down to one word, 'occupation.'" "But madam," the doctor said, "Jenin hasn’t been occupied for nine years." MacVicar just turned and walked away."

"Burying the truth" (Mathhew Gutman, The Jerusalem Post, 2002/05/02)
Gutman reports from Jenin: "But, just as the signs of a fight in this narrow room are clear, so, too, are the efforts of some Palestinians to paint even this skirmish as one pitting defenseless victims against the Israeli aggressors. Hopping in and around the mess, Amr, a 23-year-old Palestinian man, begins to tell the German journalist that the two fighters were actually civilians, murdered in cold blood by the soldiers. Despite the clear evidence of the bullet holes, obviously fired from inside the room at the gaping hole in the wall, Amr insists that the men were unarmed. Then, leading the small procession of translators, journalists and gaping children outside, Amr stops where buildings on both sides of the streets had collapsed onto the alley. It was there, he says, that 13 Israeli soldiers died when they were caught in an ambush between Palestinian gunmen with explosives strapped to their bodies. But even this account is not acceptable to Amr. It was not Palestinian gunfire and explosives that killed the soldiers, but friendly fire from their own side. "It was an Apache helicopter," he insists, pointing up to the sky. Revisionism, along with the elevation to martyrdom status of anyone who died in the incursion, appears one of the few things the wretched refugees can rally around."

"Jenin 'massacre' reduced to death toll of 56" (Paul Martin, The Washington Times, 2002/05/01)
When the "massacre" lie has become unsustainable Palestinian mythmakers simply fabricate new ones. Now the battle in Jenin was a "victory", stopping Israel from destroying the whole camp: "Palestinian officials yesterday put the death toll at 56 in the two-week Israeli assault on Jenin, dropping claims of a massacre of 500 that had sparked demands for a U.N. investigation. The official Palestinian body count, which is not disproportionate to the 33 Israeli soldiers killed in the incursion, was disclosed by Kadoura Mousa Kadoura, the director of Yasser Arafat's Fatah movement for the northern West Bank, after a team of four Palestinian-appointed investigators reported to him in his Jenin office. [Two weeks ago, when European and particularly London newspapers were reporting estimates of "hundreds" massacred, Israeli sources in Washington said they expected the Palestinian toll to reach "45 to 55."] ... He no longer used the ubiquitous Palestinian charge of "massacre" and instead portrayed the battle as a "victory" for Palestinians in resisting Israeli forces. "Here the Israelis, who tried to break the Palestinian willpower, have been taught a lesson," Mr. Kadoura said. He insisted that Israel had tried but failed, thanks to the heavy fighting, to destroy the entire warren of homes in the camp that had housed 11,000 people."

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